Food Landscapes – A landscape model for intensive farming
With rising meat consumption worldwide, particularly in developing countries, there is a need to explore new approaches in designing farms to produce affordable meat within a framework of improved environmental sustainability.
New Zealand has a strong agricultural history. As world leaders in research and development, agriculture shaped our nation structurally and socially and will continue to do so into the future. To facilitate the continued supply of affordable meat exploration of initiatives in design to support sustainable agriculture is required.
This is a research project that has used landscape design methodology to analyse and quantify existing intensive farming models for chicken meat production (broiler sheds) and explores potential design interventions that can contribute to improved quadruple bottom line outcomes in intensive farming practice in New Zealand. System approaches such as industrial ecology, cradle to cradle, permaculture and zero energy buildings were incorporated into a design model that reduces the intensive farming footprint concurrently improving the interconnections between the multiple inputs and outputs required for such farming practices, within the site, and broader environment.
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Comparison of quantitative data on aspects such as water, energy, biodiversity and waste between the existing intensive farm model and the ‘sustainable’ design model has shown that the inclusion of landscape architectural design methodology into an intensive farm development can improve sustainability in an economically viable way and contribute to a more appropriate approach to food production and land use.
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Case Study of Ecosystem Health
New Zealand’s natural environment has changed enormously in a short time and has become very fragmented and deforested through human settlement and it is through landscape ecology we can study the health of our landscape by studying the effect landscape patterns have on processes across a range of spatial and temporal scales within the heterogeneous landscape. Patterns and processes at a large scale are used to “understand the interplay between the natural and human factors that influence the development, and the impacts of landscape patterns on humans, other organisms, and the flows of materials and energy among patches” (McGraw-Hill, 2011). Patterns in the landscape are studied by assessing the patches, corridors and matrix, they are not only a result of human activities but also disturbance and succession. It is through these patterns we begin to read and define the landscape and develop methods/strategies to preserve and/or enhance connections within the wider landscape that continues to be fragmented.
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From Roof to Sea
Highly built up urban areas have a detrimental effect on our environment. They have been engineered in ways to remove water as quick as possible, but in return these waters contain vast amounts of pollution and cause erosion and flooding. LIUDD (Low Impact Urban Design and Development) is a concept that focuses on reducing the effects human activities have on the environment within catchments in urban and peri-urban regions. It relies on new technologies that use natural processes to minimise the effect we have on the environment and links land, water, air, animal, plant life and amenity together providing a multifunctional landscape.
This report focuses on using stormwater devices to reduce the amount of polluted water entering our harbours by improving the quality and reducing the quantity and speed of water entering our harbours. Our site lies within the broader catchment area of the Huaraki Gulf and I will be applying stormwater devices that work in combination with each other creating a stormwater train. Not only will these devices improve the management of the water on site, but the will also improve the amenity and ecology on Blum site and the surrounding Industrial zoned area. By applying these devices at this small scale we are providing innovative solutions to manage effects of storm water management at a larger catchment scale.
The Blum site is located within the Business 6 zone of the Avondale Peninsula. Improving the LIUDD on this site will improve it for the surrounding industrial zone which will decrease the effects water pollution and runoff has on the Hauraki Gulf. To provide more ecological and water connections for this site I have also included the grass verge and 550m² of Rosebank Road and the Coastal Walkway.
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